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Mempool Data Program

This program makes Blocknative's Mempool Data Archive available for the benefit of the community.

About the Data

Blocknative actively maintains the most comprehensive historical dataset of mempool transaction events within the Ethereum ecosystem. This collection encompasses, as of August 29, 2023, >15 TB of archive data representing >5 billion transaction detection events since November 1st, 2019.
This uninterrupted dataset covers major scenarios the network has encountered over the years, including massive surges in traffic, huge gas spikes, bidding wars, the launch of MEV-boost, the price of ETH collapsing, EIP-1559, Black Thursday, and major hacks.
This data covers 27 data fields, such as gas details, input data, time pending in the mempool, failure reasons, and regional timestamps for each instance seen by our global network of nodes.
The Mempool Archive set is available for research and may be freely used for non-commercial purposes. Here are the steps to receive access to the dataset :
  1. 1.
    Fill out this form
  2. 2.
    Get sample data
  3. 3.
    Accept terms
  4. 4.
    Download data

Data Schema

Blocknative logs all mempool transactions from nodes in multiple geographical regions for the Ethereum mainnet blockchain. The Archive contains historic events for all transactions:
  • entering the mempool
  • denied entry into the mempool (rejection with reason)
  • exiting the mempool (eviction with reason)
  • replacing existing mempool transaction (speedup or cancel)
  • finalized on chain (confirmed or failed)
The number of times a transaction appears in the Archive corresponds to the number of status changes it undergoes. The detecttime field indicates the time when the status change was first observed.
Below you can find the complete schema for the data:
Field Name
Description
Data Type
Example
detecttime
Timestamp that the transaction was detected in mempool.
TIMESTAMP
2020-03-12 00:00:00.409000
hash
Unique identifier hash for a given transaction.
VARCHAR (66)
0x6b4104838fd153b2d1ab705737843f5ea99666794391dd52653960970dc7e5ef
status
Status of the transaction.
VARCHAR (66)
Pending , speedup , cancel , failed , stuck , dropped , confirmed , evicted , rejected
region
The geographic region for the node that detected the transaction.
VARCHAR (66)
us-east-1 , eu-central-1 , ap-southeast-1
reorg
If there was a reorg, refers to the blockhash of the reorg.
VARCHAR (66)
0xf2ec4b2a7b951e4400e99d1171c4fb875fd388b15b6cb97bf5ad1c8dbea3a73a
replace
If the transaction was replaced (speedup/cancel), the transaction hash of the replacement.
VARCHAR (66)
0xcea6244a7f0a7c2630085ca3e47e1ecfc28a5c03a08a8f3ec5f43fbef3d83dd5
curblocknumber
The block number the event was detected in.
NUMERIC (18)
12429202
failurereason
If a transaction failed, this field provides contextual information.
VARCHAR (66)
Reverted: ""UniswapV2Router: INSUFFICIENT_OUTPUT_AMOUNT""
blockspending
If a transaction was finalized (confirmed, failed), this refers to the number of blocks that the transaction was waiting to get on-chain.
INT
2
timepending
If a transaction was finalized (confirmed, failed), this refers to the time in milliseconds that the transaction was waiting to get on-chain.
BIGINT
4678
nonce
A unique number which counts the number of transactions sent from a given address.
NUMERIC (38)
27744
gas
The maximum number of gas units allowed for the transaction.
NUMERIC (38)
55588
gasprice
The price offered to the miner/validator per unit of gas. Denominated in wei.
NUMERIC (38)
1200000000
value
The amount of ETH transferred or sent to contract. Denominated in wei.
NUMERIC (38)
147940000000000
toaddress
The destination of a given transaction.
VARCHAR (42)
0x501c885e8f519feeb1a8f9429ea586ebd378b549
fromaddress
The source/initiator of a given transaction.
VARCHAR (42)
0xf974334a62b3aab3e2b5509f65b9b2141d8efa03
input
Additional data that can be attached to a transaction. This field can be used to tell a smart contract to execute a function.
VARCHAR (65535)
0xa9059cbb000000000000000000000000955a0ef4e120528f8486c04c97388d530cfbf239000000000000000000
network
The specific Ethereum network used.
VARCHAR (32)
bsc-main , goerli, kovan, main, rinkeby, ropsten, xdai
type
Post EIP-1559, this indicates how the gas parameters are submitted to the network: - type 0 - legacy
- type 1 - usage of access lists according to EIP-2930 - type 2 - using maxpriorityfeepergas and maxfeepergas
INT
0, 1, 2
maxpriorityfeepergas
The maximum value for a tip offered to the miner/validator per unit of gas. The actual tip paid can be lower if (maxfee - basefee) < maxpriorityfee. Denominated in wei.
NUMERIC (38)
111373960022
maxfeepergas
The maximum value for the transaction fee (including basefee and tip) offered to the miner/validator per unit of gas. Denominated in wei.
NUMERIC (38)
111373960022
basefeepergas
The fee per unit of gas paid and burned for the curblocknumber. This fee is algorithmically determined. Denominated in wei.
NUMERIC (38)
111373960022
dropreason
If the transaction was dropped from the mempool, this describes the contextual reason for the drop.
VARCHAR (26)
unexecutable-txs , unpayable-txs, replaced-txs, account-cap-txs, old-txs, underpriced-txs, low-nonce
rejectionreason
If the transaction was rejected from the mempool, this describes the contextual reason for the rejection.
VARCHAR (64)
exceeds block gas limit, insufficient funds for gas * price + value intrinsic gas too low, non transaction, underpriced
stuck
A transaction was detected in the queued area of the mempool and is not eligible for inclusion in a block.
BOOLEAN
1
gasused
If the transaction was published on-chain, this value indicates the amount of gas that was actually consumed. Denominated in wei.
INT
111373960022
detect_date
A truncated version of detecttime. Best used as a partition for large datasets and as a search parameter to speed up queries.
VARCHAR (64)
2023-10-10

Data Access

Free, public mempool data is limited to academic and non-commercial purposes with attribution to Blocknative. For commercial use please fill out this form to contact us directly.

Use Cases

The Mempool Data Program can be used to research:
  • Historic gas trends
  • Censorship
  • Transaction inclusion
  • MEV
  • Private transactions
  • Bug fixes
  • Block sequences of interest
  • Trading strategies
  • Third-party strategies
  • Malicious activity
  • Probes for potential explotation

Frequently Asked Questions

What attribution must I provide when using the Blocknative Mempool Data?
The archive is publicly available according to open data standards and licenses datasets under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
2.1 Attribution — End Users must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. End Users may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses End Users or their use. 2.2 NonCommercial — End Users may not use the material for commercial purposes. 2.3 ShareAlike — If End Users remix, transform, or build upon the material, End Users must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original.
Please use the following as a guideline for attribution:
  1. 1.
    Papers: Data provided by Blocknative
  2. 2.
    Graphs/Charts/Images: Source: Blocknative Please add the text to the image
  3. 3.
    Social posts: Data from @blocknative Please link appropriate Blocknative social handle
If you have any questions please reach out to us on Discord.
What format is the data?
The data is stored in hourly slices with file format *.csv.gz The data is tab delimited.
How many nodes are gathering mempool data?
We run highly redundant node infrastructure in each region to ensure strong uptime.
How can I identify on-chain transactions?
On-chain transaction have a confirmed status.
SELECT *
FROM mempool_archive
WHERE status = 'confirmed'
How can I identify private transactions?
A private transaction does not have a pending event. timepending is determined from the difference between a transaction's pending event and confirmed event.
SELECT *
FROM mempool_archive
WHERE timepending = 0
AND status = 'confirmed'
What is the difference between dropreason and rejectionreason?
A dropped transaction might have been valid but deemed less important or lower-priority. A rejected transaction is one that is fundamentally flawed or invalid according to the Ethereum protocol rules.
A drop reason could be that there isn't enough ETH in the EOA to cover gas fees. A rejection reason could be incorrect transaction signatures. Dropped transactions existed in the mempool, but are dropped to make room for incoming transactions. Rejected transactions never make it to the mempool.